巴斯克自治区（巴斯克语：Euskadi，西班牙语：País Vasco）位于西班牙中北部，北临比斯开湾，东北隔比利牛斯山脉与法国相邻。巴斯克自治区包括阿拉瓦、基普斯夸与比斯开三省，首府为维多利亚。巴斯克自治区于1979年12月成立，面积7,234平方千米，人口2,124,846。位于相对孤立的山区里，巴斯克人长期自治并多次成功抵御强敌（包括罗马人、西哥特人与摩尔人）入侵。巴斯克至今仍是西班牙独立意识较强的地区之一，多次要求提高自治。弗朗哥时期出现的反抗弹压组织“埃塔”（ETA）为取得巴斯克地区的彻底独立，仍在坚持活动。

The Basque Country (/ˈbæsk/, /ˈbɑːsk/; Basque:Euskadi [eus̺kadi]; Spanish:País Vasco [paˈis ˈβasko]; French:Pays Basque) is an autonomous community of northern Spain. It includes the Basque provinces of Álava, Biscay and Gipuzkoa.

The Basque Country or Basque Autonomous Community was granted the status of nationality within Spain, attributed by the Spanish Constitution of 1978. The autonomous community is based on the Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country, a foundational legal document providing the framework for the development of the Basque people on Spanish soil, although the territory of Navarre was left out and made into a separate autonomous community.