International status and usage of the euro
![Eurozone participation
19 European Union member states in the eurozone
7 European Union member states not in ERM II, but obliged to join the eurozone once convergence criteria are met (Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Sweden)
1 European Union member state in ERM II, with an opt-out (Denmark)
1 European Union member state not in ERM II, with an opt-out (United Kingdom)
4 non-European Union member states using the euro with a monetary agreement (Andorra, Monaco, San Marino and Vatican City)
2 non-European Union member states using the euro unilaterally (Kosovo[lower-alpha 1] and Montenegro)](/uploads/202501/12/Eurozone_participation.svg5144.png)
The international status and usage of the euro has grown since its launch in 1999. When the euro formally replaced 12 currencies on 1 January 2002, it inherited their use in territories such as Montenegro and replaced minor currencies tied to the pre-euro currencies, such as in Monaco. Four small states have been given a formal right to use the euro, and to mint their own coins, but all other usage has been unofficial outside the eurozone (the EU states who have adopted the euro). With or without an agreement these countries, unlike those in the eurozone, do not participate in the European Central Bank or the Euro Group.