Researchers say that there are two essential characteristics of how disagreements are expressed.

研究人员表示，表达分歧的方式有两个基本特征。

This model successfully replicated the essential characteristics of the system, like the frequency of vocal cord vibration.

这一模型成功地复制了发声系统的基本特征，如声带振动的频率。

Well, this study hasn't just looked at physical skills, but more essential and basic characteristics such as stamina and endurance.

这项研究并不只是看身体机能，也看一些更加重要和基础的特征，如毅力和耐力。

This throaty quality is an essential characteristic.

这种喉音音质是美语的一个重要的特点。

Personal motivation is an essential characteristic of literary writing.

个人动机是文学写作的本质特征。

Pre-machine urban civilizations have likewise retained their essential characteristics through long lapses of time.

经过漫长的时间流逝， 前机器城市文明同样保留了它们的本质特征。

The essential characteristic of philosophy, which makes it a study distinct from science, is criticism.

哲学的本质特征是批判，这使它成为一门区别于科学的学科。

This is made easy by reference to Professor Heckscher's great work on Mercantilism, in which the essential characteristics of economic thought over a period of two centuries are made available for the first time to the general economic reader.

赫克歇尔教授关于重商主义的伟大著作使这一点变得容易， 其中两个世纪以来经济思想的基本特征首次为普通经济学读者所了解。