企业资源计划（Enterprise Resource Planning，缩写ERP），或译企业资源规划，是一个由美国著名管理咨询公司Gartner于1990年提出的企业管理概念。企业资源计划最初被定义为应用软件，但迅速为全世界商业企业所接受。现在已经发展成为一个重要的现代企业管理理论，也是一个实施企业流程再造的重要工具。而当初应用软件的定义，现在则被称为「企业资源计划系统」。企业资源计划系统是一个创建在信息技术基础上的系统化管理思想，为企业决策层及员工提供决策运行手段的管理平台。

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is a category of business-management software—typically a suite of integrated applications—that an organization can use to collect, store, manage and interpret data from many business activities, including:

ERP provides an integrated view of core business processes, often in real-time, using common databases maintained by a database management system. ERP systems track business resources—cash, raw materials, production capacity—and the status of business commitments: orders, purchase orders, and payroll. The applications that make up the system share data across various departments (manufacturing, purchasing, sales, accounting, etc.) that provide the data. ERP facilitates information flow between all business functions, and manages connections to outside stakeholders.