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单词 Enthalpy of melting
释义

Enthalpy of melting

中文百科

熔化热 Enthalpy of fusion

(重定向自Enthalpy of melting)

熔化热,亦称熔解热,是单位质量物质由固态转化为液态时,物体吸收的热量。物体熔化时的温度称为熔点。

熔化热是一种潜热,在熔化的过程中,物质不断吸收热量而温度不变,因此不能通过温度的变化直接探测到这一热量。每种物质具有不同的熔化热。晶体在一定压强下具有固定的熔点,也具有固定的熔化热;非晶体,比如玻璃和塑料,不具有固定的熔点,因而也不具有固定的熔化热。

同一种物质中,液态比固态拥有更高的内能,因此,在熔化的过程中,固态物质要吸收热量来转变为液态。同样,物质由液态转变为固态时,也要释放相同的能量。液体中的物质微粒与固体中的相比,收到更小的分子间作用力,因此拥有更高的内能。

英语百科

Enthalpy of fusion 熔化热

(重定向自Enthalpy of melting)
Enthalpies of melting and boiling for pure elements versus temperatures of transition, demonstrating Trouton's rule.

The enthalpy of fusion of a substance, also known as (latent) heat of fusion, is the change in its enthalpy resulting from providing energy, typically heat, to a specific quantity of the substance to change its state from a solid to a liquid at constant pressure. This energy includes the contribution required to make room for any associated change in volume by displacing its environment against ambient pressure. The temperature at which the phase transition occurs is the melting point. By convention, the pressure is assumed to be 1 atm (101.325 kPa) unless otherwise specified.

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更新时间:2025/6/17 11:28:33