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单词 El Nino Southern Oscillation
释义

El Nino Southern Oscillation

原声例句
科学60秒-科学美国人 2023年8月合集

Right. The whole cycle is actually called ENSO–the El Nino-Southern Oscillation.

没错。其完整周期被称为厄尔尼诺-南方涛动。

纽约时报 (New York Times)

For instance, a cyclical phenomenon in the Pacific Ocean known as the El Nino-Southern Oscillation causes year-to-year fluctuations by shifting heat in and out of deeper ocean layers.

例如，太平洋上一种被称为厄尔尼诺-南方涛动的周期性现象，通过将热量从深层海水中传入和传出而导致年复一年的波动。

202328

El Nino has arrived Operating on top of this background of ocean warming is a natural climate cycle called the El Nino-Southern Oscillation, or ENSO.

厄尔尼诺现象已经到来 在海洋变暖的背景下运作的是一种自然气候循环，称为厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）。

中文百科

厄尔尼诺-南方振荡现象 El Niño–Southern Oscillation

（重定向自El Nino Southern Oscillation）
1876-2011间的南方涛动指数的时间串行。来自NOAA的图片显示了1950-2011期间的全球年平均温度异常，ENSO时间被用红色和蓝色标出。
太平洋平时状态：赤道风将温水向西吹、冷水沿南美洲海岸上涌厄尔尼诺现象：温水向南美洲吹送，冷水不再上涌而使海洋变暖；注意此时太平洋东西气压亦随之变动，即所谓南方振荡

厄尔尼诺-南方振荡现象（英语：El Niño-Southern Oscillation，ENSO，或圣婴／拉尼娜-南方振荡）是发生在横跨赤道附近太平洋的一种准周期气候类型，大约每5年发生一次。南方振荡是指东太平洋赤道区域海面温度（厄尔尼诺事件时变暖，拉尼娜事件时变冷）和西太平洋赤道区域的海面上气压的变动。这两种变动是相互联系的：东太平洋的暖洋阶段，即厄尔尼诺，伴随着西太平洋的高海面气压；东太平洋的变冷阶段，即拉尼娜，伴随着西太平洋的低海面气压。导致这种变动的机制仍在研究中。

这种气候类型变动的极端时期，即厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜事件，会在世界很多区域引起极端的天气（比如洪水和干旱）。依靠农业和渔业的发展中国家，特别是太平洋沿岸的国家，所受影响最大。厄尔尼诺-南方振荡比较流行的称呼常常省略为“厄尔尼诺”。厄尔尼诺是西班牙语，意指“小男孩”，指的是圣子耶稣，因为南美太平洋的变暖时期通常都在圣诞节附近。

英语百科

El Niño–Southern Oscillation 厄尔尼诺-南方振荡现象

（重定向自El Nino Southern Oscillation）
Southern Oscillation Index timeseries 1876–2012.
Diagram of the quasi-equilibrium and La Niña phase of the Southern Oscillation. The Walker circulation is seen at the surface as easterly trade winds which move water and air warmed by the sun towards the west. The western side of the equatorial Pacific is characterized by warm, wet low pressure weather as the collected moisture is dumped in the form of typhoons and thunderstorms. The ocean is some 60 centimetres (24 in) higher in the western Pacific as the result of this motion. The water and air are returned to the east. Both are now much cooler, and the air is much drier. An El Niño episode is characterised by a breakdown of this water and air cycle, resulting in relatively warm water and moist air in the eastern Pacific.
The various
Normal Pacific pattern: Equatorial winds gather warm water pool toward the west. Cold water upwells along South American coast. (NOAA / PMEL / TAO)El Niño conditions: Warm water pool approaches the South American coast. The absence of cold upwelling increases warming.La Niña conditions: Warm water is farther west than usual.

El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is an irregularly periodical variation in winds and sea surface temperatures over the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean, affecting much of the tropics and subtropics. The warming phase is known as El Niño and the cooling phase as La Niña. Southern Oscillation is the accompanying atmospheric component, coupled with the sea temperature change: El Niño is accompanied with high, and La Niña with low air surface pressure in the tropical western Pacific. The two periods last several months each (typically occur every few years) and their effects vary in intensity.
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更新时间：2025/6/21 16:22:20