埃尔斯米尔岛（Ellesmere Island），加拿大北极群岛中最北岛屿，世界第十大岛，面积196,235平方公里，南为巴芬岛，与东边的格陵兰岛仅隔一条狭窄的内尔斯海峡。目前属加拿大努那福特地区管辖。

因纽特人最早来到该岛捕猎，维京人后也曾到达此岛，双方一度展开过贸易，后由于气候变冷，人类逐渐撤离该岛。2001年全岛人口仅168人。

1616年，威廉·巴芬发现该岛，1656年，该岛以埃尔斯米尔子爵而得名。

目前埃尔斯米尔岛1/5的地区被划为自然保护区，然而由于气候变化，上面的冰架已减少了90%。北极柳是当地唯一的木本植物，这里也是加拿大最冷和降水量最少的地方。

Ellesmere Island (Inuit: Umingmak Nuna, meaning "land of Muskox") is part of the Qikiqtaaluk Region of the Canadian territory of Nunavut. Lying within the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, it is considered part of the Queen Elizabeth Islands, with Cape Columbia being the most northerly point of land in Canada. It comprises an area of 196,235 km (75,767 sq mi) and the total length of the island is 830 kilometres (520 mi), making it the world's tenth largest island and Canada's third largest island. The Arctic Cordillera mountain system covers much of Ellesmere Island, making it the most mountainous in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. The Arctic willow is the only woody species to grow on Ellesmere Island.