放电加工（英语：Electrical Discharge Machining，简称EDM），中国大陆称为电火花加工、**称为放电加工，是特种加工技术的一种，广泛应用在模具制造、机械加工行业。放电加工可以用来加工传统切削方法难以加工的超硬材料和复杂形状的工件，通常用于加工导电的材料，可以在诸如钛合金、工具钢、碳钢和硬质合金等难加工材料上加工复杂的型腔或者轮廓。

放电加工原理是在导电的工具电极和工件之间施加上周期性快速变化的电压脉冲，通过浸没在绝缘介质中的工具电极与工件之间的脉冲性放电所产生的局部高温使工件表面金属熔化、气化，从而蚀除金属。因此在加工过程中几乎不存在切削力。

Electrical discharge machining (EDM), sometimes colloquially also referred to as spark machining, spark eroding, burning, die sinking, wire burning or wire erosion, is a manufacturing process whereby a desired shape is obtained using electrical discharges (sparks). Material is removed from the workpiece by a series of rapidly recurring current discharges between two electrodes, separated by a dielectric liquid and subject to an electric voltage. One of the electrodes is called the tool-electrode, or simply the "tool" or "electrode", while the other is called the workpiece-electrode, or "workpiece". The process depends upon the tool and workpiece not making actual contact.