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单词 Electric conductance
释义

Electric conductance

中文百科

电阻 Electrical resistance and conductance

(重定向自Electric conductance)
处于均匀外电场的均匀截面导体(例如,电线)。
四端点量测技术可以用来准确地测量点2与点3之间的电阻。
绝缘体的电子能级。
电流对电压线图。理想电阻器和PN结二极管的V-I线分别以红色和黑色显示。

在电磁学里,电阻(英文:Resistance)是一个物体对于电流通过的阻碍能力,以方程序定义为

其中,R为电阻,V为物体两端的电压,I为通过物体的电流。

假设这物体具有均匀截面面积,则其电阻与电阻率、长度成正比,与截面面积成反比。

采用国际单位制,电阻的单位为欧姆(Ω,Ohm)。电阻的倒数为电导,单位为西门子(S)。

假设温度不变,则很多种物质会遵守欧姆定律,即这些物质所组成的物体,其电阻为常数,不跟电流或电压有关。称这些物质为「欧姆物质」;不遵守欧姆定律的物质为「非欧姆物质」。 电路符号常常用R来表示,例: R1、R02、R100等。

英语百科

Electrical resistance and conductance 电阻

(重定向自Electric conductance)
The hydraulic analogy compares electric current flowing through circuits to water flowing through pipes. When a pipe (left) is filled with hair (right), it takes a larger pressure to achieve the same flow of water. Pushing electric current through a large resistance is like pushing water through a pipe clogged with hair: It requires a larger push (electromotive force) to drive the same flow (electric current).
The current-voltage characteristics of four devices: Two resistors, a diode, and a battery. The horizontal axis is voltage drop, the vertical axis is current. Ohm's law is satisfied when the graph is a straight line through the origin. Therefore, the two resistors are ohmic, but the diode and battery are not.
A piece of resistive material with electrical contacts on both ends.
The IV curve of a non-ohmic device (purple).  The static resistance at point A is the inverse slope of line B through the origin. The differential resistance at A is the inverse slope of tangent line C.The IV curve of a component with negative differential resistance, an unusual phenomenon where the IV curve is non-monotonic.

The electrical resistance of an electrical conductor is a measure of the difficulty to pass an electric current through that conductor. The inverse quantity is electrical conductance, and is the ease with which an electric current passes. Electrical resistance shares some conceptual parallels with the notion of mechanical friction. The SI unit of electrical resistance is the ohm (Ω), while electrical conductance is measured in siemens (S).

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更新时间:2025/6/19 18:58:43