黄金国（西班牙文：El Dorado）为一个古老传说，最早是始于一个南美仪式，部落族长会在自己的全身涂满金粉，并到山中的圣湖中洗净，而祭司和贵族会将珍贵的黄金和绿宝石投入湖中献给神。

有些研究认为是指印加帝国首都库斯科（Cusco）。因为过去印加帝国拥有丰厚的黄金和白银，而当时在库斯科及各省份的太阳神殿也以金银的装饰大肆铺张，因此盛传着「黄金城」的传说，后来也引来了西班牙人的觊觎。1532年西班牙征服印加帝国，将大量的黄金和白银都掠夺走了，原有的印加建筑也遭到毁灭，唯有从被岁月磨得光滑凹陷的石板路上，才能找到一些从前的昌盛。

El Dorado (pronounced: [el doˈɾaðo], English /ˌɛl dəˈrɑːdoʊ/; Spanish for "the golden one"), originally El Hombre Dorado (the golden man), El Indio Dorado (the golden Indian), or El Rey Dorado (the golden king), is the term used by Europeans to describe a mythical tribal chief (zipa) of the Muisca native people of Colombia, who, as an initiation rite, covered himself with gold dust and submerged in Lake Guatavita. The legends surrounding El Dorado changed over time, as it went from being a city, to a kingdom, and then finally an empire.