Rob Jackson is a professor of earth system science at Stanford University.

罗布·杰克逊是斯坦福大学地球系统科学教授。

And all that extra heat energy is heating up the atmosphere, the whole earth system.

所有这些额外的热能使大气，和整个地球系统持续升温。

Yeah, so is one of the most complicated parts of the earth system in my opinion.

是的，在我看来，地球系统最复杂的部分之一也是如此。

We are now in an era when we have the biggest impact on Earth's natural systems.

我们正处于一个人类对地球的自然系统影响最大的时代。

This is the water cycle, and it describes how our most vital resource moves through the whole Earth system.

这就是水循环，它描述了我们最重要的资源如何在整个地球系统中流动。

Fewer and lighter barges on the river means more expensive trains and trucks putting more planet cooking pollution into Earth's system.

河上驳船数量和货物运输量的减少意味着更多和更昂贵的火车和卡车运输将把污染带入地球生态系统。

My fear is that we press unstoppable buttons in the Earth system.

我担心我们会在地球系统中按下不可阻挡的按钮。

The earth system is still resilient.

地球系统仍然具有弹性。

These are universal, aspirational, transformational goals for inclusive, prosperous humanity on a stable earth system.

这些是在稳定的地球系统上实现包容、繁荣的人类的普遍的、有抱负的、变革性的目标。

Buffering capacity is the Earth system's ability to dampen shocks and stress.

缓冲能力是地球系统减轻冲击和压力的能力。

B. New ways of measuring time can help to control Earth systems.

B. 测量时间的新方法有助于控制地球系统。

Now, we can today, scientifically, quantify these boundaries, providing us a stable earth system for humanity.

现在， 我们今天可以科学地量化这些边界，为人类提供一个稳定的地球系统。

The cryosphere is the frozen part of the earth system and includes snow, glacier and sea ice.

冰冻圈是地球系统的冻结部分，包括雪、冰川和海冰。

So how much more of that fossilized sunshine can we burn before further destabilizing the Earth's systems?

那么，在进一步破坏地球系统的稳定之前，我们还能燃烧多少阳光化石呢？

There are five principal parts of the earth system. Each part has its own collection of materials and processes.

地球系统有五个主要部分。每个部分都有自己的材料和工艺集合。

The Arctic sea ice holds a central position in the Earth's climate system and it's deteriorating faster than expected.

M：北极海冰在地球气候系统中占据中心位置， 并且其恶化速度比预期的要快。

The formation of cold, salty water in the north Atlantic acts like a pump, driving nearly half of Earth's deep ocean water circulatory system.

北大西洋冷盐水的形成就像一个泵，驱动着地球近一半的深海水循环系统。

In one year alone, the heat equivalent to 300 times global electricity use is absorbed in the Earth's system.

仅一年时间，地球系统吸收的热量就相当于全球用电量的 300 倍。

And it's this: the more we understand of the Earth's system, the higher is the risk.

事实是这样的：我们对地球系统了解得越多，风险就越高。

There are clear signs in Crawford Lake showing that, starting in 1950, " the effects of humans overwhelm the Earth system, " said Francine McCarthy.

弗兰辛·麦卡锡说，在克劳福德湖有明显的迹象表明，从1950年开始，“人类的影响压倒了地球系统”。