Self-energy

（重定向自Dyson equation）

In most theoretical physics such as quantum field theory, a particle's self-energy $\Sigma$ represents the contribution to the particle's energy, or effective mass, due to interactions between the particle and the system it is part of. For example, in electrostatics the self-energy of a given charge distribution is the energy required to assemble the distribution by bringing in the constituent charges from infinity, where the electric force goes to zero. In a condensed matter context relevant to electrons moving in a material, the self-energy represents the potential felt by the electron due to the surrounding medium's interactions with it: for example, the fact that electrons repel each other means that a moving electron polarizes (causes to displace) the electrons in its vicinity and this in turn changes the potential the moving electron feels; these and other effects are included in the self-energy. In basic terms, the self-energy is the energy that a particle has as a result of changes that it itself causes in its environment.

单词	Dyson equation
释义	Dyson equation 英语百科 Self-energy （重定向自Dyson equation） In most theoretical physics such as quantum field theory, a particle's self-energy $\Sigma$ represents the contribution to the particle's energy, or effective mass, due to interactions between the particle and the system it is part of. For example, in electrostatics the self-energy of a given charge distribution is the energy required to assemble the distribution by bringing in the constituent charges from infinity, where the electric force goes to zero. In a condensed matter context relevant to electrons moving in a material, the self-energy represents the potential felt by the electron due to the surrounding medium's interactions with it: for example, the fact that electrons repel each other means that a moving electron polarizes (causes to displace) the electrons in its vicinity and this in turn changes the potential the moving electron feels; these and other effects are included in the self-energy. In basic terms, the self-energy is the energy that a particle has as a result of changes that it itself causes in its environment.
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