特许西印度公司（荷兰语：Geoctroyeerde Westindische Compagnie，简称GWC），通称荷兰西印度公司。创建于1621年6月3日，是荷兰共和国时期，模仿东印度公司模式创建的跨国殖民贸易公司，被荷兰政府特许在巴西、加勒比海群岛和北美洲为进行大西洋奴隶贸易。成立之初只是为了打破西班牙及葡萄牙对西方贸易权的垄断，已及将对西战争的压力从本土转移到泛大西洋地区。在十七世纪初期到十八世纪曾对整个西半球的贸易，殖民，海盗等各方面拥有巨大的影响力。公司于1674年因债务未偿还而解体，但因为贩卖农奴的高额利润和巨大需求，以及现存的诸多殖民地的，第二家西印度公司于1675年诞生，史称为第二西印度公司或新西印度公司。主要航线与第一家重叠，所有的船舶等财产归第二西印度公司所有。它大约拥有六百万荷兰盾的资产，其中主要由阿姆斯特丹分部贡献。

Dutch West India Company (Dutch:Geoctroyeerde Westindische Compagnie, Dutch pronunciation:[ɣəʔɔktroːˈjeːrdə ʋɛstˈɪndisə kɔmpɑˈɲi] or Dutch:GWIC; English: Chartered West India Company) was a chartered company (known as the "WIC") of Dutch merchants. Among its founding fathers was Willem Usselincx (1567–1647). On June 3, 1621, it was granted a charter for a trade monopoly in the West Indies (meaning the Caribbean) by the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands and given jurisdiction over the Atlantic slave trade, Brazil, the Caribbean, and North America. The area where the company could operate consisted of West Africa (between the Tropic of Cancer and the Cape of Good Hope) and the Americas, which included the Pacific Ocean and the eastern part of New Guinea. The intended purpose of the charter was to eliminate competition, particularly Spanish or Portuguese, between the various trading posts established by the merchants. The company became instrumental in the Dutch colonization of the Americas.