The population of the Dutch Republic increases between 1550 and 1650 to almost two million people.

荷兰共和国的人口也在1550零年到1660年之间增长到了两百万人。

There have been only a few true seapower nations in history-notably Great Britain, the Dutch Republic, Venice, and Carthage.

历史上只有少数几个国家是真正的海权国家——著名的有大不列颠（英国）、荷兰共和国、威尼斯和迦太基。

It was a history that every child in the Dutch Republic would have known, as important to them as Boudicca is to us.

这个故事每个荷兰小朋友都能了如指掌，它对荷兰的重要程度就像布迪卡（古英国女王Boudicca）对我们英国人一样。

The first of these was with the Dutch Republic.

第一个是与荷兰共和国。

With this agreement in place, Charles and his entourage left the Dutch Republic in the

协议签订后，查尔斯和他的随行人员离开了荷兰共和国。

By the autumn of 1659 they were in talks with Prince Charles, who was in exile in the Hague in the Dutch Republic.

1659 年秋天，他们与流亡在荷兰共和国海牙的查尔斯王子进行了会谈。

This approach was the opposite of that of countries like Britain and the Dutch Republic where parliamentary bodies were becoming more powerful.

这种做法与英国和荷兰共和国等议会机构日益强大的国家的做法相反。

In the seventeenth century England and the Dutch Republic were two of Europe's smaller states, dwarfed by France and Spain, but they were much more economically advanced.

十七世纪，英国和荷兰共和国是欧洲两个较小的国家，与法国和西班牙相比相形见绌， 但它们的经济要先进得多。

Eventually he organises the development of a new country, somewhat reminiscent of the Dutch Republic, which at that time was the most enlightened and successful society in the world.

最终，他组织了一个新国家的发展，有点像荷兰共和国，当时它是世界上最开明和最成功的社会。

As a result, within weeks of Maria's accession the War of the Austrian Succession had erupted, pitting Austria, Britain, the Dutch Republic and Hanover against Bavaria, France and Prussia.

结果，玛丽亚即位后几周内，奥地利王位继承战争爆发，奥地利、英国、荷兰共和国和汉诺威与巴伐利亚、法国和普鲁士展开对峙。

After fighting to free themselves from Spanish rule, the Dutch Republic became an independent country over the course of the 17th century, dominating international trade and experiencing a period of unprecedented prosperity.

在摆脱西班牙统治的斗争后，荷兰共和国在 17 世纪成为一个独立国家，主导了国际贸易， 并经历了前所未有的繁荣时期。

He established Sir Anthony van Dyck, a leading Flemish painter who had made his name in the Dutch Republic and Italy in the 1620s, as the official court painter in London.

他任命安东尼·凡·戴克爵士（Sir Anthony van Dyck）为伦敦的官方宫廷画家，安东尼·凡·戴克爵士是佛兰德斯著名画家， 曾于 1620 年代在荷兰共和国和意大利声名鹊起。

His wife, the much reviled French Catholic Queen Henrietta Maria, spent much of the civil war period in exile in either the Dutch Republic or France, along with several of their younger children.

他的妻子，备受辱骂的法国天主教女王亨丽埃塔·玛丽亚，在内战期间的大部分时间里，与几个年幼的孩子一起流亡在荷兰共和国或法国。

As they did, negotiations were initiated with the government in exile in the Dutch Republic of Charles II and in 1660 he returned to England and was restored to the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland.

与此同时，查理二世与流亡荷兰共和国的政府开始了谈判，查理二世于 1660 年返回英格兰，并恢复了英格兰、苏格兰和爱尔兰的王位。

The economy of Austria was under-developed by comparison with countries like England, the Dutch Republic and Sweden, being primarily based on agriculture, while it was also well behind its Western European rivals in terms of its education system.

与英国、荷兰共和国和瑞典等国家相比，奥地利的经济并不发达，主要以农业为主，教育体系也远远落后于西欧竞争对手。

The war had an international dimension for powers like France, Britain, Spain and the Dutch Republic which each had extensive overseas colonies, but for Maria Theresa and her government the fighting was largely confined to Central Europe.

对于法国、英国、西班牙和荷兰共和国等拥有大量海外殖民地的强国来说, 这场战争具有国际意义, 但对于玛丽亚·特蕾莎和她的政府来说, 战斗主要局限于中欧。